Why Observations Matter: AMOC and the Value of Sustained Global Climate Observations — COP31, Spanish Pavilion

This session held at the Spanish Pavilion at COP31 on November 16 from 13:00 – 14:00 (Turkey Time) will explore why sustained global climate observations are essential for understanding climate change and informing effective climate policy.

Long-term, systematic observations of the Earth’s climate system are fundamental to our understanding of climate change. Data across the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial domains, including the cryosphere, give the world a clear picture of human impacts on the planet. Supported by governments and observing networks, these data allow us to monitor climate change at global, hemispheric and regional scales. They underpin science, modelling and analysis, and therefore the work of the IPCC and its capacity to inform the policies and actions needed to address the causes and consequences of climate change.

The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) illustrates the importance of long-term ocean observations. As a key part of the climate system, the AMOC influences climate, sea level, marine ecosystems and the carbon cycle, yet significant uncertainties remain about its current state and future changes.

The event will present findings from the GCOS Stocktake and introduce AMOC in Focus, a joint initiative by JPI Climate, JPI Oceans and Canada involving more than 50 international experts. Together, these efforts highlight how sustained observations and robust scientific assessment can strengthen our understanding of climate risks and support effective mitigation and adaptation.

(Banner Photo by Erik Karits on Unsplash)